bb2b5b5e22
Three workflows that connect the services from episodes 1 to 7: a Forgejo push becomes a phone notification, an Uptime Kuma outage writes and closes its own incident page in Outline, and a nightly schedule writes one ops digest. The point of the episode is the split between webhooks and the editor. Caddy publishes only the webhook path prefixes under the n8n host and answers an empty 404 for everything else, so the editor stays reachable over the mesh from episode 5 and never gets a login page on the open internet. Also in here: - n8n pinned to a version instead of :latest, after episode 7 showed that every restore is otherwise an upgrade - the 2.x environment that actually matters, including the file access restriction pointed at one directory rather than the root - the Forgejo allowed host list, without which a webhook to a private address is silently dropped - fixed subnets for both docker networks, after a restore handed them out in the other order and quietly broke the mesh route - a note on the encryption key: it decrypts every stored credential, it lives in the n8n volume, and a backup without it restores a hub that cannot log in Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01Md8yhBKp5e7xMmCyxoEgdm
250 lines
11 KiB
Markdown
250 lines
11 KiB
Markdown
# ~$ selfhostedops-stack
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**The €15/month self-hosted company stack.** Git hosting, wiki, password manager,
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monitoring, automation and VPN — one server, one compose file, no per-seat pricing.
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From the video: **[Self-Hosted Company Stack for €15/Month (Full Setup)](https://youtube.com/@selfhostedops)**
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— Series *Self-Hosted Company OS*, Episode 1.
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```
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┌──────────────────────────────────────┐
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│ caddy :80/:443 │
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│ automatic HTTPS for *.DOMAIN │
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└──┬─────┬───────┬───────┬──────┬──────┘
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│ │ │ │ │
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git.─────► │ wiki.──► │ status.──► │
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│ │ │ │ │
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┌────▼─┐ ┌─▼────┐ ┌▼─────┐ ┌▼───┐ ┌▼────┐
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│forge │ │outline│ │vault │ │kuma│ │ n8n │
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│ jo │ │+pg+redis│warden│ │ │ │ │
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└──────┘ └──────┘ └──────┘ └────┘ └─────┘
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also: wg-easy (optional, --profile vpn)
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```
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| Service | URL | Replaces | Typical SaaS price |
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|---|---|---|---|
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| [Forgejo](https://forgejo.org) | `git.…` | GitHub Team | $4/user/mo |
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| [Outline](https://www.getoutline.com) | `wiki.…` | Notion | $10/user/mo |
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| [Vaultwarden](https://github.com/dani-garcia/vaultwarden) | `vault.…` | 1Password | $8/user/mo |
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| [Uptime Kuma](https://github.com/louislam/uptime-kuma) | `status.…` | Pingdom & co. | $20+/mo |
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| [n8n](https://n8n.io) | `n8n.…` (webhooks only, episode 8) | Zapier | €26+/mo |
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| [wg-easy](https://github.com/wg-easy/wg-easy) | `vpn.…` | Tailscale | $6/user/mo |
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All images are multi-arch (amd64 + arm64) — a €14 ARM cloud box (e.g. Hetzner
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CAX31) runs the whole thing with room to spare.
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## Quickstart
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```bash
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# 0. A Debian/Ubuntu server with Docker:
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curl -fsSL https://get.docker.com | sh
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# 1. DNS: ONE wildcard record *.ops.example.com -> your server IP (A + AAAA)
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# 2. Configure
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git clone https://github.com/selfhostedops/selfhostedops-stack.git
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cd selfhostedops-stack
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cp .env.example .env
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nano .env # domain, email, 3x openssl rand -hex 32
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# 3. Launch
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docker compose up -d
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```
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Ninety seconds later: `git.` `wiki.` `vault.` `status.` `n8n.` — all with valid HTTPS.
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## First-run order (5 minutes)
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1. **Forgejo** (`git.…`): create the admin account on the setup page.
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Registration is already disabled via env — this is a company server.
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2. **Forgejo → SSO for the wiki:** Site Administration → Applications →
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Create OAuth2 app. Redirect URI: `https://wiki.<DOMAIN>/auth/oidc.callback`.
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Put the client id/secret into `.env`, then `docker compose up -d outline`.
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3. **Outline** (`wiki.…`): click "Continue with Forgejo". Your git server is
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your SSO provider — one account, both tools.
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4. **Vaultwarden** (`vault.…`): create your account, install the Bitwarden
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apps against `https://vault.<DOMAIN>`. When the team is on board:
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`VAULTWARDEN_SIGNUPS_ALLOWED=false` and re-up.
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5. **Uptime Kuma** (`status.…`): create admin, add HTTPS monitors for the
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other five subdomains. Meta, but correct.
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6. **n8n** (`n8n.…`): create the owner account. This thing becomes the brain
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of the stack in later episodes (AI agents incoming).
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## FAQ
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**Why no Netbird? You said mesh VPN.**
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Full self-hosted Netbird (management plane, signal, TURN, IdP) deserves its own
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video — that's Episode 5. `wg-easy` gets you a working WireGuard VPN today with
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one env var. Skip both if you don't need remote access yet.
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**Backups?**
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`docker compose down`, snapshot/borg the named volumes, `up -d`. A proper
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3-2-1 setup (borgmatic + offsite) is Episode 10. Until then: at minimum enable
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your host provider's snapshot backups.
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**Can I run only some services?**
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Yes — comment out what you don't need in `compose.yml` and remove its Caddyfile
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block. Everything is independent except Outline → Forgejo (SSO) and
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Outline → its postgres/redis.
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**Is `latest` okay for images?**
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For a homelab: pragmatic. For production: pin versions and read HARDENING.md.
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## CI: your own runners (Episode 2)
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Forgejo ships Actions. Turn it on, give it a runner, and you have GitHub Actions
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with no minute counter.
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```bash
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# 1. Enable it (already set in compose.yml)
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# FORGEJO__actions__ENABLED and repo.actions in DEFAULT_REPO_UNITS.
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# Without repo.actions in the default units, the Actions tab stays hidden
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# and it looks like the feature is broken. Existing repos: flip it per repo.
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# 2. One shared secret for declarative registration
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SECRET=$(openssl rand -hex 20)
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UUID=$(python3 -c 'import uuid,sys;print(uuid.UUID(bytes=sys.argv[1][:16].encode()))' "$SECRET")
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printf 'RUNNER_SECRET=%s\nRUNNER_UUID=%s\n' "$SECRET" "$UUID" >> .env
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# 3. Tell Forgejo about it
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docker compose exec -u git forgejo forgejo forgejo-cli actions register \
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--name box-runner --labels docker --secret "$SECRET"
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# 4. Fill in the runner config and start the CI profile
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cp runner-config.example.yml runner-config.yml
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sed -i "s|https://git.example.com|https://git.$DOMAIN|; s|\${RUNNER_UUID}|$UUID|; s|\${RUNNER_SECRET}|$SECRET|" runner-config.yml
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docker compose --profile ci up -d
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```
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Then check Site Administration → Runners: the runner should be online with the
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label `docker`.
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**Four things that cost people an evening:**
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- A registration **token from the web UI is not a shared secret**. The declarative
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path above only accepts the secret you generated. Feed it the web token and the
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runner connects and never receives a job, with no error anywhere.
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- The `connections:` block lives under a top-level **`server:`** key in runner
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13.x. Older examples put it under `runner:`, which fails with
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`0 server connections configured`.
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- **An empty `labels:` list means every job waits forever.** No error, just a
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queued job and a healthy-looking runner.
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- The image behind a label **must contain node** — Forgejo actions are JavaScript.
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Pointing `docker` at a docker-cli image gives you
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`node: executable file not found`. Use a node image and let the build job fetch
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a static docker client (see `examples/ci.yml`).
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`examples/ci.yml` is a complete pipeline: test, build a container, push it to
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Forgejo's built-in registry, and deploy it over an SSH key that can only run one
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command (`examples/deploy-hello-ops.sh`). Read the CI section of
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[HARDENING.md](HARDENING.md) before you wire the deploy step — there are two
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comfortable ways to hand your whole server to anyone who can push a branch.
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## One login for the vault (Episode 4)
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Your Forgejo already knows your team. Let it log them into the password
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manager too, so offboarding is one switch instead of a checklist.
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```bash
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# 1. Create the OAuth2 app in Forgejo
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# Site Administration -> Applications -> OAuth2 Application
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# Name: Vaultwarden
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# Redirect URI: https://vault.<DOMAIN>/identity/connect/oidc-signin
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# Confidential client: yes
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#
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# That redirect path is not documented anywhere in the UI, and a wrong one
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# only fails AFTER the Forgejo login. Copy it character for character.
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# 2. Put the client id and secret in .env
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VAULTWARDEN_SSO_CLIENT_ID=...
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VAULTWARDEN_SSO_CLIENT_SECRET=...
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# 3. Restart just that container
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docker compose up -d vaultwarden
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# 4. Log in: https://vault.<DOMAIN>
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# Type your work mail, hit "Use single sign-on", authorize once in Forgejo.
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```
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Vaultwarden will then ask you to set a master password. That is not a bug.
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Forgejo proved *who you are*; nothing so far produced the key that *decrypts
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your vault*. Your master password never leaves your browser, and the server
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stores blobs it cannot read. Two different jobs, two different mechanisms.
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Debugging notes, all of them learned the hard way:
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- Vaultwarden logs nothing about SSO at startup. It builds the OIDC client on
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the first login attempt, not before. Watch `docker compose logs -f
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vaultwarden` *while* you log in instead: you will see a `prevalidate` call
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and then the `oidc-signin` callback coming back with a code.
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- `/identity/connect/authorize` and the callback both answer `404` when called
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without query parameters. That is route matching, not a wrong path.
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- `curl -I` on Forgejo's `/.well-known/openid-configuration` returns 404 because
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there is no HEAD route. Use `curl -s` and it is a normal 200.
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- Turn on `SSO_SIGNUPS_MATCH_EMAIL` **before** anyone logs in, or you get
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duplicate accounts instead of linked ones.
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Then make it a team vault: create an organization, add collections, invite
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people. Note that joining is three steps, not two: you invite, they log in,
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and then an owner has to **confirm** them. Until that confirmation, a member
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sees no shared items at all.
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## Alerts that reach you (Episode 6)
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A monitor nobody hears is a dashboard. Episode 6 adds a push channel you own
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(ntfy, `ntfy.<DOMAIN>`), keyword monitors for everything a customer sees,
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internal monitors for the services that left the internet in episode 5, a
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public status page at the root of `status.<DOMAIN>`, and a second Uptime Kuma
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outside the server, because a box cannot report its own death.
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```bash
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docker compose up -d ntfy
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docker compose exec caddy caddy reload --config /etc/caddy/Caddyfile
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docker compose exec -e NTFY_PASSWORD='<pw>' ntfy ntfy user add --role=user kuma
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docker compose exec ntfy ntfy access kuma alerts write-only
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```
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The full walkthrough, the second-eye compose file and the gotchas are in
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**[monitoring/README.md](monitoring/README.md)**.
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## Automation that connects the rest (Episode 8)
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n8n is the piece that makes the other six talk to each other. A push becomes a
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notification, a monitor going red becomes an incident document, and every
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morning one document says what the box did overnight.
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The interesting part is the address. Automation needs webhooks, webhooks look
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like they need a public host, and the editor still has no business being on the
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internet. So the Caddyfile publishes **paths, not a host**:
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```
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n8n.{$DOMAIN} {
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@webhooks path /webhook/* /webhook-test/* /webhook-waiting/*
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handle @webhooks {
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reverse_proxy n8n:5678
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}
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handle {
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respond 404
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}
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}
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```
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Everything else under `n8n.<DOMAIN>` answers an empty 404: the editor, the login
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page, the REST API. You open the editor over the mesh from episode 5. Senders
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that live on the box (Forgejo, Uptime Kuma) skip the public address entirely and
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call `http://n8n:5678/webhook/...` over the docker network.
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The three workflows, the credentials they need, the two settings that make
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Forgejo and n8n cooperate, and the one file whose loss makes every credential
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worthless are in **[automation/README.md](automation/README.md)**.
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## Hardening
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Before you put real company data on this box, read **[HARDENING.md](HARDENING.md)**.
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The short version: SSH keys only, firewall (80/443/2222/51820 only), unattended
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security updates, fail2ban, pinned image tags, offsite backups.
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---
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MIT — do whatever. If it saved you money, a YouTube subscription is the price:
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**[@selfhostedops](https://youtube.com/@selfhostedops)**
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